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I. PURPOSE This Jordan Civil Aviation Regulatory Commission (JCARC) publication contains specifications which are in compliance with the Standards and Recommended Practices of Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, and provides the standards required by the current JCAR Part 139 entitled Certification and Operations of Land Airports. Furthermore, it also contains specifications dealing with obstacles outside those limitations surfaces. The appendicescomprise material grouped separately for illustration and form part of this publication. The definitionsof terms used in this publication are those that are not self explanatory in that they do not have accepted dictionary meanings. A definition does not have independent status but is an essential part of each division or subdivision in which the term is used, since a change in the meaning of the term would affect the specification. Tables and Figureswhich add to or illustrate any publication content and which are referred to therein, form part of the associated division or subdivision and have the same status. Attachments comprise materials supplementary to the standards of this publication, or are included as a guide to their application. Any reference to a portion of this publication, which is identified by a number and/or title, includes all subdivisions of that portion. Blue font text in this publication are included, where appropriate, to give factual information or references bearing on the standards in question, and to represent general notes, notes on preceding provisions and illustrative examples. II. RELATED MATERIAL The following ICAO publications:
III. CANCELLATIONS This re-issue cancels JCAA Publication AN 14-I dated June 1st, 2006 IV. EFFECTIVE DATE This re-issue becomes effective April 1st, 2007.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
When the following terms are used in this publication they have the following meanings: Accuracy. A degree of conformance between the estimated or measured value and the true value. For measured positional data, the accuracy is normally expressed in terms of a distance from a stated position within which there is a defined confidence of the true position falling. Aerodrome. A defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft. Aerodrome beacon. Aeronautical beacon used to indicate the location of an aerodrome from the air. Aerodrome certificate. A certificate issued by the JCAA under applicable regulations for the operation of an aerodrome. Aerodrome elevation. The elevation of the highest point of the landing area. Aerodrome identification sign. A sign placed on an aerodrome to aid in identifying the aerodrome from the air. Aerodrome reference point. The designated geographical location of an aerodrome. Aerodrome traffic density.
The number of movements in the mean busy hour is the arithmetic mean over the year of the number of movements in the daily busiest hour. Either a take-off or a landing constitutes a movement. Aeronautical beacon. An aeronautical ground light visible at all azimuths, either continuously or intermittently, to designate a particular point on the surface of the earth. Aeronautical ground light. Any light specially provided as an aid to air navigation, other than a light displayed on an aircraft. Airplane reference field length. The minimum field length required for take-off at maximum certificated take-off mass, sea level, standard atmospheric conditions, still air and zero runway slope, as shown in the appropriate airplane flight manual prescribed by the certificating authority or equivalent data from the airplane manufacturer. Field length means balanced field length for airplanes, if applicable, or take-off distance in other cases. Attachment A, Section 2 of this publication provides information on the concept of balanced field length, and the ICAO Airworthiness Manual (Doc 9760) contains detailed guidance on matters related to take-off distance. Aircraft classification number (ACN). A number expressing the relative effect of an aircraft on a pavement for a specified standard subgrade category. The aircraft classification number is calculated with respect to the center of gravity (CG) position which yields the critical loading on the critical gear. Normally the aftmost CG position appropriate to the maximum gross apron (ramp) mass is used to calculate the ACN. In exceptional cases the forwardmost CG position may result in the nose gear loading being more critical. Aircraft stand. A designated area on an apron intended to be used for parking an aircraft. Airport. See aerodrome. Apron. A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance. Apron management service. A service provided to regulate the activities and the movement of aircraft and vehicles on an apron. Balked Landing. A landing maneuver that is unexpectedly discontinued at any point below the obstacle clearance altitude/height (OCA/H). Calendar. Discrete temporal reference system that provides the basis for defining temporal position to a resolution of one day (ISO 19108*). Capacitor discharge light. A lamp in which high-intensity flashes of extremely short duration are produced by the discharge of electricity at high voltage through a gas enclosed in a tube. Certified aerodrome. An aerodrome whose operator has been granted an aerodrome certificate. Clearway. A defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of the appropriate authority, selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an airplane may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height. Convention. The Convention on International Civil Aviation, signed at Chicago on 7 December 1944, as amended, and it’s annexes. Cyclic redundancy check (CRC). A mathematical algorithm applied to the digital expression of data that provides a level of assurance against loss or alteration of data. Data quality. A degree or level of confidence that the data provided meet the requirements of the data user in terms of accuracy, resolution and integrity. Datum. Any quantity or set of quantities that may serve as a reference or basis for the calculation of other quantities (ISO 19104*). De-icing/anti-icing facility. A facility where frost, ice or snow is removed (de-icing) from the airplane to provide clean surfaces, and/or where clean surfaces of the airplane receive protection (anti-icing) against the formation of frost or ice and accumulation of snow or slush for a limited period of time. Further guidance is given in the ICAO Manual of Aircraft Ground De-icing/Anti-icing Operations (Doc 9640). De-icing/anti-icing pad. An area comprising an inner area for the parking of an airplane to receive de-icing/anti-icing treatment and an outer area for the maneuvering of two or more mobile de-icing/anti-icing equipment. * All ISO standards are listed on page xxvi of this publication. Declared distances.
Dependent parallel approaches. Simultaneous approaches to parallel or near-parallel instrument runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent extended runway center lines are prescribed. Displaced threshold. A threshold not located at the extremity of a runway. Effective intensity. The effective intensity of a flashing light is equal to the intensity of a fixed light of the same color which will produce the same visual range under identical conditions of observation. Ellipsoid height (Geodetic height). The height related to the reference ellipsoid, measured along the ellipsoidal outer normal through the point in question. Fixed light. A light having constant luminous intensity when observed from a fixed point. Frangible object. An object of low mass designed to break, distort or yield on impact so as to present the minimum hazard to aircraft. Guidance on design for frangibility is contained in the ICAO Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 6 (in preparation). Geodetic datum. A minimum set of parameters required to define location and orientation of the local reference system with respect to the global reference system/frame. Geoid. The equipotential surface in the gravity field of the Earth which coincides with the undisturbed mean sea level (MSL) extended continuously through the continents. The geoid is irregular in shape because of local gravitational disturbances (wind tides, salinity, current, etc.) and the direction of gravity is perpendicular to the geoid at every point. Geoid undulation. The distance of the geoid above (positive) or below (negative) the mathematical reference ellipsoid. In respect to the World Geodetic System — 1984 (WGS-84) defined ellipsoid, the difference between the WGS-84 ellipsoidal height and orthometric height represents WGS-84 geoid undulation. Gregorian calendar. Calendar in general use; first introduced in 1582 to define a year that more closely approximates the tropical year than the Julian calendar (ISO 19108*). In the Gregorian calendar, common years have 365 days and leap years 366 days divided into twelve sequential months. Hazard beacon. An aeronautical beacon used to designate a danger to air navigation. Heliport. An aerodrome or a defined area on a structure intended to be used wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of helicopters. Holding bay. A defined area where aircraft can be held, or bypassed, to facilitate efficient surface movement of aircraft. Holdover time. The estimated time the anti-icing fluid (treatment) will prevent the formation of ice and frost and the accumulation of snow on the protected (treated) surfaces of an airplane. Human Factors principles. Principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification, training, operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and other system components by proper consideration to human performance. Human performance. Human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety and efficiency of aeronautical operations. Identification beacon. An aeronautical beacon emitting a coded signal by means of which a particular point of reference can be identified. Independent parallel approaches. Simultaneous approaches to parallel or near-parallel instrument runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent extended runway center lines are not prescribed. Independent parallel departures. Simultaneous departures from parallel or near-parallel instrument runways. Instrument runway. One of the following types of runways intended for the operation of aircraft using instrument approach procedures:
Refer to ICAO Annex 10, Volume I for related ILS and/or MLS specifications. Visual aids need not necessarily be matched to the scale of non visual aids provided. The criterion for the selection of visual aids is the conditions in which operations are intended to be conducted. Integrity (aeronautical data). A degree of assurance that an aeronautical data and its value has not been lost nor altered since the data origination or authorized amendment. Intermediate holding position. A designated position intended for traffic control at which taxiing aircraft and vehicles shall stop and hold until further cleared to proceed, when so instructed by the aerodrome control tower. Landing area. That part of a movement area intended for the landing or take-off of aircraft. Landing direction indicator. A device to indicate visually the direction currently designated for landing and for take-off. Laser-beam critical flight zone (LCFZ). Airspace in the proximity of an aerodrome but beyond the LFFZ where the irradiance is restricted to a level unlikely to cause glare effects. Laser-beam free flight zone (LFFZ). Airspace in the immediate proximity to the aerodrome where the irradiance is restricted to a level unlikely to cause any visual disruption. Laser-beam sensitive flight zone (LSFZ). Airspace outside, and not necessarily contiguous with, the LFFZ and LCFZ where the irradiance is restricted to a level unlikely to cause flash-blindness or after-image effects. Lighting system reliability. The probability that the complete installation operates within the specified tolerances and that the system is operationally usable. Maneuvering area. That part of an aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and taxiing of aircraft, excluding aprons. Marker. An object displayed above ground level in order to indicate an obstacle or delineate a boundary. Marking. A symbol or group of symbols displayed on the surface of the movement area in order to convey aeronautical information. Movement area. That part of an aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and taxiing of aircraft, consisting of the maneuvering area and the apron(s).
Near-parallel runways. Non-intersecting runways whose extended center lines have an angle of convergence/ divergence of 15 degrees or less. Non-instrument runway. A runway intended for the operation of aircraft using visual approach procedures. Normal flight zone (NFZ). Airspace not defined as LFFZ, LCFZ or LSFZ but which must be protected from laser radiation capable of causing biological damage to the eye. Obstacle. All fixed (whether temporary or permanent) and mobile objects, or parts thereof, that :
Obstacle free zone (OFZ). The airspace above the inner approach surface, inner transitional surfaces, and balked landing surface and that portion of the strip bounded by these surfaces, which is not penetrated by any fixed obstacle other than a low-mass and frangibly mounted one required for air navigation purposes. Orthometric height. Height of a point related to the geoid, generally presented as an MSL elevation. Pavement classification number (PCN). A number expressing the bearing strength of a pavement for unrestricted operations. Precision approach runway, see Instrument runway. Primary runway(s). Runway(s) used in preference to others whenever conditions permit. Protected flight zones. Airspace specifically designated to mitigate the hazardous effects of laser radiation. Road. An established surface route on the movement area meant for the exclusive use of vehicles. Road-holding position. A designated position at which vehicles may be required to hold. Runway. A defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and take-off of aircraft. Runway end safety area (RESA). An area symmetrical about the extended runway center line and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an airplane undershooting or overrunning the runway. Runway guard lights. A light system intended to caution pilots or vehicle drivers that they are about to enter an active runway. Runway-holding position. A designated position intended to protect a runway, an obstacle limitation surface, or an ILS/ MLS critical/sensitive area at which taxiing aircraft and vehicles shall stop and hold, unless otherwise authorized by the aerodrome control tower. In radiotelephony phraseologies, the expression “holding point” is used to designate the runway-holding position. Runway strip. A defined area including the runway and stopway, if provided, intended:
Runway turn pad. A defined area on a land aerodrome adjacent to a runway for the purpose of completing a 180-degree turn on a runway. Runway visual range (RVR). The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the center line of a runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating the runway or identifying its center line. State Safety Program. An integrated set of regulations and activities aimed at improving safety. Safety management system. A systematic approach to managing safety including the necessary organizational structure, accountabilities, policies and procedures. Segregated parallel operations. Simultaneous operations on parallel or near-parallel instrument runways in which one runway is used exclusively for approaches and the other runway is used exclusively for departures. Shoulder. An area adjacent to the edge of a pavement so prepared as to provide a transition between the pavement and the adjacent surface. Sign.
Signal area. An area on an aerodrome used for the display of ground signals. Slush. Water-saturated snow which with a heel-and-toe slap-down motion against the ground will be displaced with a splatter; specific gravity: 0.5 up to 0.8. Combinations of ice, snow and/or standing water may, especially when rain, rain and snow, or snow is falling, produce substances with specific gravities in excess of 0.8. These substances, due to their high water/ice content, will have a transparent rather than a cloudy appearance and, at the higher specific gravities, will be readily distinguishable from slush. Snow (on the ground).
Specifications. Standards and operational procedures provided in this publication. Station declination. An alignment variation between the zero degree radial of a VOR and true north, determined at the time the VOR station is calibrated. Stopway. A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take-off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off. Switch-over time (light). The time required for the actual intensity of a light measured in a given direction to fall from 50 per cent and recover to 50 per cent during a power supply changeover, when the light is being operated at intensities of 25 per cent or above. Take-off runway. A runway intended for take-off only.
Taxiway intersection. A junction of two or more taxiways. Taxiway strip. An area including a taxiway intended to protect an aircraft operating on the taxiway and to reduce the risk of damage to an aircraft accidentally running off the taxiway. Threshold. The beginning of that portion of the runway usable for landing. Touchdown zone. The portion of a runway, beyond the threshold, where it is intended landing airplanes first contact the runway. Usability factor. The percentage of time during which the use of a runway or system of runways is not restricted because of the cross-wind component. Cross-wind component means the surface wind component at right angles to the runway center line * ISO Standards 19104, Geographic Information – Terminology 19108, Geographic Information – Temporal Schema
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Aerodrome Design Manual (Doc 9157)
